Explain and discuss the role of partnership working for the police to address community safety issues. Discuss in relation to the Crime and Disorder Act (1998) and other recent developments. - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2055 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Introduction Police work together in addressing and solving issues on crime and violation of law in the community actually referred as community partnership. Community partnership is an important tool in community policing. Community partnership with the police involves collaborations of community individuals with the law governing agencies working hand in hand in order to identify the main problems facing a community and also strategize on finding a viable solution to the problem. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Explain and discuss the role of partnership working for the police to address community safety issues. Discuss in relation to the Crime and Disorder Act (1998) and other recent developments." essay for you Create order When police is alone, it cannot know the main and root causes of certain problems in a community hence it has to interact with people in the community in order to be able to get information on criminal practices which might be happening in the community. It also applies when police are doing their investigations on a certain criminal they must rely on the community individuals for information access. As a result the individuals in the community stand out as strong contributors and shareholders in making sure that criminal actions are abolished and incase of any, it is tracked easily and the right action taken on it. Community partnership with the police also plays an important role in strengthening and improving public trust (Cordner Gary pg 170). Foundation of community policing partnerships Community policing networks and partnerships has been growing slowly since 1960s when civil rights movement uncovered the weaknesses of the old model of policing which was operating in the moment. Police community partnership and networking came forth political convolutions which accompanied civil rights movement as early as 1960s. Increased objections against discrimination of people according to their race alerted government about the situation of tension. Then government became anxious to know the sources of racial injustices and tension s concerning the police. This subjected police to extreme public criticism as public figure of authority and law enforcement. The investigations suggested that the police were harsh on the minorities and treated them with a lot of injustices which was not the case for the white citizens. Due to this case the political department became aware of changing society and in 1967 commission on law enforcement and ensuring of justice put it clear that pol ice should be responsive in their dealings. The areas which were to be rectified were the relationships between the police and the minorities which was hostile. Â  Community police relationships were started in early 1970s where the police approaches were reconstructed to fit the newly introduced method of policing which was referred as community policing. The police operations were arranged and planned according to geographical or community bases in order to bring close relation with the citizens in the communities. Also the line officers were offered a great responsibility in making decisions which helped to be able to respond to problems faced by neighborhoods. In1990s community policies had became strong and the police were serious in implementing its policy reforms receiving a great support from the office of community oriented services. They could hold annual conferences to sensitize people on the community policing. Societal organizations formed by the political department contributed to acceptance of the community policing in the community (Florenc et al pg 342). Police partnership with the community have are very effective in achieving good personal safety. The extent of relationship determines the degree in which social order is maintained in the society. There are different levels in which it can be tested and evaluated and then graded according to its affectivity and positive influence to the society (Mitchell Natasha, Julia Bryan pg 400). Nature of policing In a democratic society, it is very true that the police cannot work alone since they serve people and are supposed to be answerable to the people they serve. However there exist two different features of policing depicting the role of the police. Rude power of police which is only evident in times of violence in society as police exercise their duties can led them violating the rights and freedom of citizens regarded by the democratic society to be very important. The regulations governing police operation do not determine and moderate what police should do (Briggs Rachel pg 980). This brings an argument that policing is an activity where you make your own wise choices and judgments which make most of police actions to be seen an unjust and threatening to citizens hence police must consider public interest in their acts. Pros of community police partnership The relationship between the police and the community is very important since it ensure effective problem solving. It involves altering the norms of how police work in order to achieve their goals. When there are good relations between police and the community, everybody is responsible for maintaining justice. When a problem occur it easy to determine the source since the community offers the required information enabling the police to make vital decisions on how to deal with the problem. Partnerships and relations between the police and the community help to strengthen the community. Police involve the community members in the act of making sure that they eliminate criminal offences. In the process the community problems are solved since the most suitable solutions are sought. The aim of police community networks and relationships are aimed at reducing and eliminating the rate of crime and disorder in the community. The police are able to access very important information from the community which enable them to investigate and find out hidden criminal behavior in the community and be able to root it out (Crawford, T. A. M., Karen Evans). Police-community relationships help reduces fear in the community. Police presence in the community increases sense of security in the neighborhood. People in the community build more trust in police activities and therefore they are able to know the activities done by police men in on daily basis hence becoming responsible for elimination of crime from the community. Furthermore improve relations between the community and the police improve the quality of life in the community since crime cases are minimized. Also the community is able to give it suggestions and be listened and even the right action be taken. When community partners with police or law enforcement department, criminal offences are reduced and resources which could have been invested in law enforcement are investment in other activities in the community hence improving the living standards for the community. Cons in police community relation and partnership Power struggle This occurs where all the citizens in the community have not centered their minds on promoting and working with the police to bring justice and curb criminal actions in the community rather they are engaged in police community relations with bad intentions and reasons. These individuals use this advantage to fulfill their personal demand and interest. Different ideas Some people have different view on police presence in the community. This occurs on rebellious people and also people who commit crimes since they don’t want to be suspected. This makes it unworkable for some of people. Deviance creation Police relations with the community create deviance among the members of the community where it eradicates the cases or crime. The community no longer sees the importance of police actions since there are no criminal actions. This notion is very bad since it cultivate criminal actions again. Also creates an environment where criminal cases are overlooked without action being taken. Examples of partnerships Patrol police and Detective police Police involved patrol duties the in a neighborhood use wise skills which enable them to be effective in their duties. The police involved in patrolling base their relations with the people in the community who can inform them of any criminal offences and direct them the victims as soon as action has happened or when in action. Patrol officers with the agents they consult in the community help in pointing out the behaviors of parolees and other issues leading them to commit crimes. In doing so, the police can employ various strategies in order to reduce the cases of crime in the community. Example of team in this department is Redland police and correlation team in California. This relation involves the police officers visiting paroles in their homes and looking how they are doing. On the other hand detectives work hand to hand with the people in the community individuals in order to get information from victims. They also consult witnesses in order to get the information crime cases being investigated. Chiefs and executive officers Chiefs act as a link between the community and the higher level officers as they execute their duties in the community. Chiefs maintain and strengthen the relationships between the people in the community and police hence police are able to get enough information about criminal offences committed. Crime and Disorder act (1998) and other developments The act was put to action in 1998 and its main aim was to make strategies on how to ensure safety of the community (Millie et al pg 390). It called upon all the local authorities to partner with different agencies in order to achieve its objectives. It main objectives were: Stop youth from being involved in criminal cases. Eliminate unfriendly behavior in the community and make people to be responsible for crime and disorder. Deal with crimes encouraged by racial life in the community. Providing transparency in sentencing. Care people from mistreatments such as sex, violence and drug addicts. This act was aimed at bringing the community in a close relation with the police in order to effectively achieve the goal they had prioritized foe the community. The police major to partner with the community individuals because the service is directed to citizens (Crawford Adam pg 41). According to the scope of this act, it contained orders which were to be followed by authorities involved in the duties delegated. In 2002 a reformation was done on police act which had been made in 1988. The act was formally based on disallowance of driving off-road. However it was reformed in the police reform act of 2002 where it was based on the welfare of the community. The police were to take action vehicles used in anti-social way (Sanders et al). A vehicle distressing, annoying and alarming the public was said to be used in anti-social manner. Before the action could be taken a warning was to be given. Another act was done in 2007 to improve on identification of national background of criminals using special check systems. The act was amended in 2008 as and was referred as NICS act of 2007. Te act actions were that individuals were forbidden from buying firearms; have a close check of funds obtained from fines and whether do the work in which they allocated to accomplish and before taking an action to a criminal then he was to be determined on mental defectively (Maguire Mike pg 210). National criminal history improvement program was enacted in 2016 to improve the level of strategies of fighting to crimes and ensuring justice to criminals and also improving the accessibility of criminal information and records as well improving check supporting systems. It also aimed strengthening national record systems and use them in for criminal background investigation (Terrill Richard J). Conclusion Police partnership with different agencies is important since it bases its services on the community and leads to maximum protection of individual as well as fair execution of justice. The partnerships are also good since they root out crime from the society. Works cited Cordner, Gary. Community policing. The Oxford handbook of police and policing (2014): 148-171. Florence, Curtis, et al. Effectiveness of anonymised information sharing and use in health service, police, and local government partnership for preventing violence related injury: experimental study and time series analysis. BMJ 342 (2011): d3313. Mitchell, Natasha, and Julia Bryan. School-family-community partnerships: Strategies for school counselors working with Caribbean immigrant families. Professional School Counseling 10.4 (2007): 399-409. Briggs, Rachel. Community engagement for counterterrorism: lessons from the United Kingdom. International Affairs (2010): 971-981. Crawford, T. A. M., and Karen Evans. Crime prevention and community safety. (2016). Millie, Andrew. Anti-social behaviour, behavioural expectations and an urban aesthetic. British journal of criminology 48.3 (2008): 379-394. Crawford, Adam. Governing Through Anti-social Behaviour Regulatory Challenges to Criminal Justice. British Journal of Criminology (2009): azp041. Sanders, Andrew, Richard Young, and Mandy Burton. Criminal justice. Oxford University Press, 2010. Maguire, Mike. Criminal statistics and the construction of crime. The Oxford handbook of criminology 5 (2012): 206-244. Terrill, Richard J. World criminal justice systems: A comparative survey. Routledge, 2012.

Introduction To Gnc Holdings Incorporated Which Is...

Introduction to GNC The following paper will be discussing GNC Holdings Incorporated which is profiled as a retail-food store. As most people already know, GNC is a leading global specialty retailer of health and wellness products, including vitamins, minerals, and herbal supplement products, sports nutrition products and diet products (Investor, 2011). GNC is a publicly traded company that stays compliant with all the laws, rules, and regulations of the New York Stock Exchange as well as presents information that is in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). All information in this paper will be based off the most recently provide annual report, i.e. 2014. History and Description of GNC In 1935, GNC was a vision that David Shakarian (founder) could not have possibly imagined in his wildest dreams. At that time, David was following his dream of owning a small health food store, despite the perception that health food was a passing fad at the time. The very first store, which all GNC’s owe their credit to, was called Lackzoom and was located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Although specializing in a food that his father helped introduce in the United States (yogurt), Lackzoom also sold foods such as grains, honey, and â€Å"healthy sandwiches† (Company, 2014). After many hardships and disasters that seem insurmountable, by the 1960’s people began to embrace better nutrition as part of their lifestyle, which meant a growing demand for David’s health foodShow MoreRelatedExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 599 Guide to using the case studies The main text of this book includes 87 short illustrations and 15 case examples which have been chosen to enlarge speciï ¬ c issues in the text and/or provide practical examples of how business and public sector organisations are managing strategic issues. The case studies which follow allow the reader to extend this linking of theory and practice further by analysing the strategic issues of speciï ¬ c organisations in much greater

Art History Analysis Paper Free Essays

This paper is a formal analysis of the Marble grave stele with a family group relief sculpture. It is a pentelic marble style relief standing at 171. 1cm tall carved by a master. We will write a custom essay sample on Art History Analysis Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is from the Late Classical period of Greek, Attic which was completed around ca. 360 B. C. . I chose to analyze this piece as apposed to the others because I’m mainly attracted to art and sculptures from the Greek era. The overall color used in this relief is ivory with a few cracks and pieces broken off. There is some discoloration which causes the color to come off as slightly light brown for most of the relief. The sculpture appears larger compared to the other sculptures in the art room. It represents a family which includes a man, his wife, and their child united on one high relief. There is a fourth character that is a part of the relief but she appears to be incomplete. The high relief contributes to the overall size of this sculpture by expanding the shape and proportions of all the characters. The right side is compact consisting of three of the four characters while the left is loose with just a head present. The very first thing that my eyes are directed to is of the man sitting on a backless chair on the center-right side of the relief. He along with his chair is positioned where his whole body is shifted and he facing the left side of the relief and looking straight ahead. His hands are the only ones that are detailed to the extent that they show the definition of the finger nails and the wrinkles and creases on the fingers and knuckle area. The left hand is placed on his lap while the right hand is slightly wrapped around and holding a stick that is to his right side and is eye-level in front of the woman standing behind him. The stick is about an inch wide and round and looks as though it could possibly be a wooden cane for support. His body does somewhat look as though he is in shape although I can’t see any muscle definition partially due to the fact that his robe is blocking the front of his stomach. There also seems to be no body rolls and no body fat present. His attire is just a robe draped around his waist, over his lap and covering his legs all the way down to his feet. You can see that the excess material of the robe around his waist was intended for his whole body because of the multiple layers draped over his lap. There are no details of his toes or feet because of the missing piece of the relief but you’re able to see just the back of his foot. His inch long hair and full facial beard look extremely wavy and curly. The fact that his facial hair is present and thick on his face makes me assume that he is possibly in his forties although many men back in that time didn’t live that long. He is sitting with ease and his face seems calm all the while staring blankly ahead. Looking at his face straight on, there seems to be no emotion in his eyes. My eyes are then shifted towards the woman on the right side of the relief. The woman seems to be his wife and is shown standing extremely close to him. Since the chair is backless, I think her standing so close behind him depicts her unity with him. It seems as though she is his support and is there to follow him. She is right up against his back with her right hand up by her chest and his head. The wife and child’s attire displays a robe draped over the entire body leaving only her arms exposed although the wife has sleeves draping all the way down behind her forearm. The robe drapes over the wife’s head like a shawl or veil covering the back half of her head including her hair and ears. Her facial expression gives off a sense of sadness even though she is staring blankly ahead in the same direction as the husband. Compared to the man, her eyes aren’t as widely open and it seems as if she is slightly squinting giving me the idea that she may be crying or is holding it in. Overall, you can tell that she has no other emotion displayed on her face besides sadness. After examining the wife, I work my way down to the awkward and odd looking child standing in front of the mother and is facing forward, opposite of the parents. I’m not too sure whether the child is a male or female but based on the fact that she is basically fully clothed, I would say it’s a female. I describe the girl as awkward and odd looking because she is extremely tiny compared to her parents. Her mother’s hand is the same size as her head, maybe even slightly bigger. She looks like she can be the same size as a toddler but her body looks as though it’s close to being fully developed, almost like a shrunken lady. The girl is holding something in her left hand which looks like a small piece of paper. She is holding her mothers left hand with her right hand and the mother’s hand looks as though she is gently and delicately holding hers. She is standing behind her father but is slightly closer to his left side while her right arm is leaning on the chair. She is wearing a similar robe as her mothers except she doesn’t have a veil and the sleeves end at her armpits exposing her shoulder and arms. The expression on her face shows no emotion and she is also staring blankly ahead. Because there is no emotion on her face and since she is only a child, I assume she is at that age where she’s not aware of what’s going on yet. She doesn’t seem to comprehend the presence of sadness with along with the adults. The last person I look at is a woman on the upper left-hand corner of the relief. Her whole body is basically missing except for her head which remains fully intact. Her hair looks exactly the same as the wife’s hair but she doesn’t have a veil covering it. Looking at both the woman on the upper left corner and the wife on the right, both of their earlobes seem to have a perfect tiny hole in them which leads me to assume that they may have been pierced. The only other body part of hers that appears on the relief is her left shoulder and her left forearm which looks like it is leaning against the man’s right arm. I’m not sure if her body is purposely missing because part of the relief had broken off over the years but it seems as though it signifies her as invisible or non-existent. Her eyes are clearly staring at the man sitting down with the sense of sadness and disappointment. She is looking straight at the man but he doesn’t seem to acknowledge her and is looking straight ahead along with his wife which also gives me a reason to think she’s invisible to them. The bottom parts of the marble sculpture which is the base floor that the man is sitting on, and the wife and child are standing on is severely broken and cracked. The only detail on the bottom floor that I can see are three of the wife’s toes wearing a sandal and the child’s feet which look like she is wearing slippers because there are no sign of toes. You can also see the back of the man’s shoes. I don’t think he is wearing sandals because you can clearly see there is no flesh showing. The artist seems to use a lot of thick lines mainly defined on the clothing where you’re able to see multiple folds of the fabric. They all seem to be standing close together as if they are discussing something and because of their sad expressions, they seem to be mourning a death or event that just happened. All their lips seem to curve down on the corners of their mouths with no sign of smiling or even a smirk. None of them are smiling and all four characters have either a melancholy blank stare or sad emotion. All of their eyes have creases but no sign of pupil color except for the slight shadows within the eye which helps to tell which direction their eyes are staring. While staring and piecing the whole relief together, I assume that the woman on the left is actually their daughter since this is a family group sculpture. Going back to the through of her being invisible to the other three leads to my guess that she might possibly be dead. This would explain the overall sadness that is present at the moment. The parents are mourning the death of their daughter while her head present and body missing signifies that she is still there with them, just not physically. Another little detail that I previously noticed was the daughter’s left forearm leaning against her father’s arm. This gives the effect that the daughter is trying to comfort her father while he is grieving. This work shows the natural emotion of humans and they are displayed as realistic. I think that the overall emotion and story behind this relief is done exquisitely by the master who carved it which is why it is said to be one of the most moving funerary reliefs from the Late Classical period. How to cite Art History Analysis Paper, Papers

Courage in Individuals in On Being Seventeen, T Essay Example For Students

Courage in Individuals in On Being Seventeen, T Essay Courage in Individuals in On Being Seventeen, The Most Dangerous Game andGiving BloodCourage in Individuals in On Being Seventeen, The Most Dangerous Game andGiving BloodIn my eyes it is a good thing. It can make hard times easier and easytimes easier. Courage is overcoming a fear for a worthwhile purpose, such asjumping in front of a train to save someone. I will be defining the courage ofthree very unique individuals from previous stories read. They are Mr. DavidRaymond from the bock On Being Seventeen, Bright and Unable to Read, written byDavid himself. Mr. Rainsford from The Most Dangerous Game written by RichardConnel, and Mrs. ONeill from Giving Blood, written by Roberta Silmen. David Raymond, from the book On Being Seventeen, is courageous in apsychological way. He is a high school student who was born with dyslexia. Hewrites about his life and how difficult school and learning to read was for him. All he wants is for people to accept him the way he is. anyway life wasawful. More then anything I wanted some friends. By the end of high school hewas more excepted in places where he once was ostracized. He even tries to helppeople with the same problem he has. Maybe he was scared like I was.Inelementary school it was not easy.In high school I made honors and even won aletter on the cross country team. He put his fears aside to do what had to bedone. To learn the best he could in school for later life. The next storydeals with courage in another way. Physically. Mr. Rainsford from The Most Dangerous Game is a sailor who isshipwrecked on an island inhabited by only one person. A bestial hunter. During Rainsfords stay he becomes the hunted. He has to put his life on theline in order to escape. He stopped, held his breath. The baying of thehounds stopped abbruply. Close. His heart stopped. He ends up escaping thedogs only to find himself in a dual with the hunter. On guard Rainsford. Afterwards one of us will be repast to the hounds. The other will sleep in mybed..Rainsford never slept in a more comfortable bed. In that story we are left only to wonder what Rainsford did with hislife. Did he stay at the estate or did he go back to sea?The final person is Mrs. ONeill, from the story Giving Blood. She iscouargeous mentally, physically and socially. She is a middle aged women who ismother to a girl taken by leukemia. Mrs. ONeill is forced to go door to doorin order find blood donors to give platelets.My daughter is in the hospital. She needs blood.could you give. She has leukemia. This takes a lot out ofher both physically and mentally. She is scared to go to the houses in fearthat people will say no. You can give platelets. She only needs platelets. Please. She finds many people to give blood for her succumbing daughter thatprolongs her life. As proven in this paper each one of the individuals shows one or moretypes of courage. Mentally, physically, socially, and psycologically. Ifcourage was not a part of human life, maybe Mr. Rainsford would have given upand been killed. Maybe Mrs. ONeills daughter would have died from deficiencyof blood platelets. And probably David would not have been half the man is istoday. Courage is an essential part of life. English